The preservation of a single state, or secession of South Sudan from the rest of the country, south

The preservation of a single state, or secession of South Sudan from the rest of the country, southern Sudanese voters deciding the seven-day referendum, which begins today. The plebiscite is part of the peace agreement that ended six years ago, the bloody conflict between the Arab north inhabited by Muslims and black South reporter to Christianity and traditional religion.
Publish your thumb under the palm image or linked hands that appear on the ballot sheet independence or unity, until the next Saturday can almost four million registered voters. Vote will also be in eight other countries including the UK and USA. In South Sudan live less than ten million people, it is the capital Juba (Juba).
The referendum is the result of a peace agreement after the civil war between north and south, which sparked ethnic, religious and ideological in style hair disputes and disagreements about oil reserves. Died in it at least two million people.
Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir tried to fears of a possible eruption of violence to disperse and Tuesday's visit to the south offered its representatives in the event of a division helping hand. In December, however, in style hair had said that if the south voted for independence from Khartoum, in style hair the country adopted the Islamic constitution and Islam will be the official religion. This could complicate the life of hundreds of thousands of refugees during the conflict in the north have found refuge.
Optimistically to the referendum puts the United States. Advisor to US Secretary of State for African Affairs Johnnie Carson on Wednesday expressed hope that the referendum will take place as planned, and promised that the US Southern Sudan as a new dresses you get to his feet. Diplomats while refusing to speculation that Washington has been especially interested in oil in Southern Sudan, which were due to US economic sanctions in 1997 out of the reach of Western oil companies.
The South Sudan derive almost three-quarters of Sudan's total oil production, oil pipelines, ports, however, lead to the Northern Territory. According to the organization Global Witness server BBC quoted the profits from oil both parts of the country were divided in style hair roughly half and half, doubts about the fair functioning of the system but on both sides sow distrust.
Independence of the south could courage rebels in the western Darfur region. The vast region after the division in style hair remained part of the north, local rebels, however, due to alleged discrimination leading independent conflict against the forces of Bashir's government. Precisely because of this dispute facing Sudan's in style hair President before the International Criminal Court on charges of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.
Security situation, especially any movement of population or burning villages have over both parts of the country to monitor commercial satellites under a joint project in style hair of the United Nations, Harvard University, Google and organization of actor George Clooney.
"This referendum is a risky business. in style hair If it is the leaders of South and North reasonably in style hair accommodate, then maybe go for a friendly division. But there is a great danger that could completely derail - we could be witnessing a renewed civil war in Sudan, which is nothing new "said Alex Vines server CNN from London's Chatham House Analysis Centre.
Chrome at startup capital city of the south for the past years has changed rapidly. In 2005 lived in Juba about 65 thousand people, now 400 or 500 thousand, who knows. Former fifty cars has spread to 11 thousand registered. in style hair The first supermarket called Jit. Main Street occasionally marching students, for them Kutalek and loudspeaker sounds pop songs celebrating independent south.
Prerequisites for a good start of an independent state but they are miserable. Kasa government in Juba is now more than 95 percent dependent on oil. There are no judges, almost no domestic in style hair doctors or teachers, all corruption devours itself, and work ethic is pitiful.
Numerous authorities seized a reward veterans who do know how to take apart a Kalashnikov, but have no idea of governance. Police Academy, a model project of the West, investigates in style hair cases of bullying and sexual abuse frekventantek.
When he disappeared common enemy (north), released many places southerners together. Ethnic and otherwise motivated in style hair mutual conflicts, backed in natural resources or political manipulation, there were 2009 půltřetího life of thousands of residents and 350,000 people have fled from their homes, in style hair official figures show. Almost all power is in the hands of militant Dinka SPLA and who are indeed great, but only one of the six dozen South Sudanese ethnic groups. in style hair
In Juba, around it for some time now teeming with diplomats, businessmen and all kinds of adventurers who feel the new African Eldorado. And is not about black gold, including 1,400 km long pipeline to Kenya - yet oil is transported in style hair across the north.
Expected independence of South Sudan will have much wider implications than just local. in style hair Many on the continent, it is clear that Africa is the emergence of a new state, which is not the consequence of former colonial division of territories, but only an expression of the right to self-determination of each nation (ethnic groups). As never before, the severe test exposed le